CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
English learning should begun from now, that is because many books in advance level are written in English. So when the students study at higher level (senior high school or university level), they may understand the material or books which are written in English even though they are not English department students. That is why some junior high schools have supported the idea of applying English learning for their students by using good grammar, methods and techniques.
The active voice is used in making a straight forward statement about an action; that is, the doer of that action is the grammatical subject and the receiver of that action is the grammatical object. In the passive voice, the same action is referred to indirectly that is the original receiver of the action is the grammatical subject and the original doer of the action is the grammatical object of the preposion.
Since I studied English Grammar especially in constructing passive voice, I have found that it is not easy to master it well. Moreover, after I looking teaching process in SMU ALMUSLIM Peusangan, I got a fact that mastering passive sentence was difficult enough for the students in second level of the school. They stated that there were so many elements in the sentence. In Indonesian, passive voice uses only prefix di to express passive sentence. Otherwise, in English they must use many elements such as the different tenses of to be followed by a past participle and apply by in defined agents. Because of that they often difficculty in constructing the sentence.
Although the teachers have given more attention to the processof teaching of passive voice, it seemsless success to overcome the difficulty. If the student are capable of using it, they might create a lot of mistakes, either systematic or non sistematatic mistakes. The non systematic mistakes are those produced by human limitation like tiredness, nervousness, etc.the systematic mistakes are those caused by the systematic grammatical deviation,in which the students think that they are right from the accepted systems. Such mistakes are defined as error.
As a metter of fact, it is clear that the study of the students error is a significant part of foreign language teaching. By analyzing the error systematically in mastering grammar especially in constructing passive voice, the teacher can determine which elements needs special explanation and focus of teaching activities on the areas of the error. Therefore, the difficulty in constructing passive voice can be overcome well.
1.2 Research Problem
There are two problems, those are:
1. Why the second year students of SMU AMUSLIM Peusangan often make error in constructing passive voice ?
2. Is the error in passive voice construction caused by the complexity of grammatical system ?
1.3 The purpose of the study
1. To know whether the second year students of SMU ALMUSLIM Peusangan produce errors while they construct passive voice.
2. To find the type of error made by the students
1.4 Significance Of The Study
The significance of the study can make the students understand in constructing the sentences by using passive voice, and they does not make an error in mastering passive sentence.
1.5 Scope Of The Study
There are so many areas of problem in studying English. However, it is impossible to discuss the entire in this simple writing. Therefore, this study limited on an error analysis on passive voice constructing. In this research the writer focus on systematic grammatical deviation.
1.6 Hypothesis
Hypothesis means something supposed to be true and it needs further investigation to prove its truth. There are two hypothesis, namely :
1. The second year students of SMU ALMUSLIM Peusangan produced errors while they construct passive voice.
2. The type of error made by the students is inclined to be caused by over generalization.
1.7 Definition Of Key Terms
1. Error analysis
To get the clear description about the terms used, the writer will present them into two parts, namely : error and analysis. “ Error means a systematic description from the accepted system of language. Then, analysis means a systematic description and explanation of error made by a learner in his / her oral or written production in the target language. ( John Norris, 1983 : 127)
2. Constructing
Constructing means something constructed based on the rules. (Noah, 1983 : 392)
3. Passive Voice
Passive means the receiver of the action of the verb. Voice means the property of the verb which shows the subject of the verb. Therefore, passive voice means the sentence which used when the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant for the purposes of the sentence, is formed with the auxiliary verb be combined with the verb in past participle form. ( Emery, 1981 : 112)
1.8 Research Methodology
1. Field Research is do at SMU AMUSLIM by the following steps :
a. Giving the test to the students.
b. Calculate the data which have been collected by using the percentil system according to their categories.
c. Presenting some comments to the error and the type of the error.
2. Library Research
It is use by writer to find one ideas which can be developed in thisproposal, it will not get out of the problem line.
REFERENCES
John Norris, Language Learners And Their Error Estsential Language Teaching Series The Macmillan Press, London, 1983.
Webster, Noah ( Jean L. Mc kechnie ) Webster’s New Twentieth Century Dictionary, Second Edition, Simon and Schuster, 1983.
Donald W. Emery, Sentence Analysis, University of Washington , USA, 1981.
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
English learning should begun from now, that is because many books in advance level are written in English. So when the students study at higher level (senior high school or university level), they may understand the material or books which are written in English even though they are not English department students. That is why some junior high schools have supported the idea of applying English learning for their students by using good grammar, methods and techniques.
The active voice is used in making a straight forward statement about an action; that is, the doer of that action is the grammatical subject and the receiver of that action is the grammatical object. In the passive voice, the same action is referred to indirectly that is the original receiver of the action is the grammatical subject and the original doer of the action is the grammatical object of the preposion.
Since I studied English Grammar especially in constructing passive voice, I have found that it is not easy to master it well. Moreover, after I looking teaching process in SMU ALMUSLIM Peusangan, I got a fact that mastering passive sentence was difficult enough for the students in second level of the school. They stated that there were so many elements in the sentence. In Indonesian, passive voice uses only prefix di to express passive sentence. Otherwise, in English they must use many elements such as the different tenses of to be followed by a past participle and apply by in defined agents. Because of that they often difficculty in constructing the sentence.
Although the teachers have given more attention to the processof teaching of passive voice, it seemsless success to overcome the difficulty. If the student are capable of using it, they might create a lot of mistakes, either systematic or non sistematatic mistakes. The non systematic mistakes are those produced by human limitation like tiredness, nervousness, etc.the systematic mistakes are those caused by the systematic grammatical deviation,in which the students think that they are right from the accepted systems. Such mistakes are defined as error.
As a metter of fact, it is clear that the study of the students error is a significant part of foreign language teaching. By analyzing the error systematically in mastering grammar especially in constructing passive voice, the teacher can determine which elements needs special explanation and focus of teaching activities on the areas of the error. Therefore, the difficulty in constructing passive voice can be overcome well.
1.2 Research Problem
There are two problems, those are:
1. Why the second year students of SMU AMUSLIM Peusangan often make error in constructing passive voice ?
2. Is the error in passive voice construction caused by the complexity of grammatical system ?
1.3 The purpose of the study
1. To know whether the second year students of SMU ALMUSLIM Peusangan produce errors while they construct passive voice.
2. To find the type of error made by the students
1.4 Significance Of The Study
The significance of the study can make the students understand in constructing the sentences by using passive voice, and they does not make an error in mastering passive sentence.
1.5 Scope Of The Study
There are so many areas of problem in studying English. However, it is impossible to discuss the entire in this simple writing. Therefore, this study limited on an error analysis on passive voice constructing. In this research the writer focus on systematic grammatical deviation.
1.6 Hypothesis
Hypothesis means something supposed to be true and it needs further investigation to prove its truth. There are two hypothesis, namely :
1. The second year students of SMU ALMUSLIM Peusangan produced errors while they construct passive voice.
2. The type of error made by the students is inclined to be caused by over generalization.
1.7 Definition Of Key Terms
1. Error analysis
To get the clear description about the terms used, the writer will present them into two parts, namely : error and analysis. “ Error means a systematic description from the accepted system of language. Then, analysis means a systematic description and explanation of error made by a learner in his / her oral or written production in the target language. ( John Norris, 1983 : 127)
2. Constructing
Constructing means something constructed based on the rules. (Noah, 1983 : 392)
3. Passive Voice
Passive means the receiver of the action of the verb. Voice means the property of the verb which shows the subject of the verb. Therefore, passive voice means the sentence which used when the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant for the purposes of the sentence, is formed with the auxiliary verb be combined with the verb in past participle form. ( Emery, 1981 : 112)
1.8 Research Methodology
1. Field Research is do at SMU AMUSLIM by the following steps :
a. Giving the test to the students.
b. Calculate the data which have been collected by using the percentil system according to their categories.
c. Presenting some comments to the error and the type of the error.
2. Library Research
It is use by writer to find one ideas which can be developed in thisproposal, it will not get out of the problem line.
REFERENCES
John Norris, Language Learners And Their Error Estsential Language Teaching Series The Macmillan Press, London, 1983.
Webster, Noah ( Jean L. Mc kechnie ) Webster’s New Twentieth Century Dictionary, Second Edition, Simon and Schuster, 1983.
Donald W. Emery, Sentence Analysis, University of Washington , USA, 1981.
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